Examining the Ways a Pressure Group Contributes to...

Examining the Ways a Pressure Group Contributes to Representative Democracy In a representative democracy, citizens elect representatives to make decisions for them. In doing this, citizens hand over the responsibility for making decisions to someone else. In Britian voters elect members of parliament’s (MPs) to represent them every four to five years and this makes the representatives in some way accountable to the electorate. However many are unsatisfied with their representation and join pressure groups to make their views heard. The question is, is this good or bad for our democracy? Pluralism is the way in which the electorate joins groups to have an effect on government. Many†¦show more content†¦Many people thing the system of having pressure groups complements a representative democracy because surely the right to join groups is a mark of a free society. Many people think minority voices are generally unheeded; pressure groups mean that these minorities can be heard more effectively an example of this is the pressure group Gay lib. Another positive thing about pressure groups of that they encourage political participation. In a country where the number of people who vote is going down, pressure groups allow people to become more politically aware especially those under the age of eighteen. This means more people will use their votes - something which is surely good for representative democracy. However some people argue that pressure groups are not good for democracy. They say that the government has its own agenda and won’t act as a referee for all the pressure groups. they say that although pressure groups may be considered they likely to be ignored if they do not conform with the government. Pro-pluralists come back and this argument by saying that the amount of forces acting on each other from different pressure groups will mean that everyone has an input and public policy is a happy medium. They point out that for every group there is an apposing pressure group for instance campaign for state education versusShow MoreRelatedStrengths and Weaknesses of the Social Capital Approach2471 Words   |  10 Pagesorganizations in civil society are vital for democracy. They result in building social capital, trust and shared values, which politically, help hold society together. Putnam’s civil society is the idea that positive outcomes in government are a produ ct of civic community, for example, networks of trust such as, soccer club or choral society (Putnam). 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Sophocles Oedipus The King - 2037 Words

Like all classical Greek tragedies, Sophocles’s Oedipus the King features a chorus that sings several odes over the course of the play. In Sophocles’s play, the chorus is composed of old Theban men and represents the population of Thebes as a whole. The chorus recites a parodos, four stasima, and a brief exodus. Through the choral odes, Sophocles reflects on the events and motifs of the play, including piety and faith in the Gods, the inevitability and the uncertainty of fate, and the dichotomy of right and wrong. After Sophocles establishes the premise of Oedipus the King through a dialogue between Oedipus, the priest, and Creon, the chorus of old Theban men take the stage to recite the parodos. The parodos takes the form of a prayer to the Greek Gods arranged into three pairs of strophes and antistrophes. The ode opens by asking about the prophecy that has been introduced in the prologue, instantly linking the ode to the opening actions of the play. The chorus then responds to the events of the prologue with a fearful prayer to the gods, reflecting deep faith in the words, â€Å"Speak to me, immortal voice, child of golden Hope† (157-158). The parodos of Oedipus the King presents the profound piety that is persistently prevalent in all the choral odes of the play despite the horrendous actions that unfold over the course of the play. The antistrophe follows by calling upon Athena, Artemis, and Apollo in particular to alleviate their pains, who, according to the chorus, haveShow MoreRe latedOedipus The King By Sophocles848 Words   |  4 PagesOedipus the King, written by Sophocles, follows the tragic story of a king named Oedipus who goes from an all-powerful ruler to a hopeless blind peasant. Oedipus the King was written as a play and performed in front of an audience. Sophocles shows in Oedipus the King that one cannot escape the fate of the gods. Throughout the play Oedipus struggles to find a solution and change all the troubles in his life. The play observes the story of Oedipus who defies the gods and through the journey experiencesRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King884 Words   |  4 PagesKing of Thebes, owner of a family tree that identically resembles Medusa on a bad hair day, and the inspiration for a psychologically-riveting complex, Oedipus, tragic hero of Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, exposes troubling truths about the human condition and, acting as an exemplary precaution for the entirety of humanity, demonstrates how a self-destructive st ruggle between love, anger, and fate, conveyed through an unorthodox love affair between mother and son (Who gets custody in a divorce?),Read MoreSophocles Oedipus The King1714 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"ideal tragedy† is the play â€Å"Oedipus the King† written by Sophocles. 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His parentsRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King992 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout tragedies in Greek literature, the hero always has one tragic flaw. In Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, Oedipus’ main flaw is his overactive hubris, which in turn clouds his overall judgment. This is evident in the Chorus’ first ode to the city of Thebes as they try to ask the Gods for the banishment of the plague. Their answer does not come from a deity, but from Oedipus himself as he enters the palace and says, â€Å"You have prayed; and you prayers shall be answered with help and release ifRead MoreOedipus the King by Sophocles1393 Words   |  6 Pages Sophocles’ play, Oedipus the King, has risen many questions concerning the main character and whether or not he acts on free will or if his future is predestined by the gods. I am going to test the theory that although Oedipus believes he is acting on his own free will, he is in fact a victim of the gods. I will analyze several different sources that discuss fate and human agency in Oedipus the King and then proceed to build my original argument on the archaic debate. There has been a great dealRead MoreOedipus The King By Sophocles904 Words   |  4 Pages In Sophocles play â€Å"Oedipus the King† a deadly plague has descended upon the kingdom of Thebes, and because of this plague a dark and iniquitous secret begins to unravel itself only to reveal a web of events connecting Oedipus and others as the culprits behind all the havoc ensued. No one is the sole source responsible for the unfortunate events that befall Thebes, as well as the royal family; In fact, those who unknowingly paved the path of destruction were themselves trying to prevent it fromRead MoreSophocles Oedipus The King Essay1960 Words   |  8 Pages This would have been excellent advice for the main character in Sophocles drama, Oedipus the King. 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In â€Å"Antigone† the characterRead MoreOedipus The King, By Sophocles1407 Words   |  6 PagesWhen we think about a tragic play or protagonist, most people would think Shakespeare for his common theme of his plays to end with a tragedy. In Oedipus the King, written by Sophocles, tells the tale of the protagonist Oedipus. Throughout the play, Oedipus searched for his past to discover the reason why his kingdom is plagued with wilting crops and illnesses. In the end, he becomes a tragic protagonist after discovering his past was related to the previous king’s death. While the search progressed

Cloning and Ethical Issues Free Essays

Essay on cloning and ethical issues that immediatly Subject : cloning and ethics come up when talking about it. Completed: 8/11/2012 Due:9/11/2012 Numerous articles appeared in the newspapers about one particular sheep, born in 1996. Her name, as you may have figured out, was Dolly. We will write a custom essay sample on Cloning and Ethical Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now She was special as she was the first sheep to be cloned entirely by humans. The cloning of this sheep raised a lot of questions. The most important ones being â€Å"why would we do clone a living animal† and â€Å"can we clone humans too†. Of course these questions do not only require a scientific answer, but also an ethical answer as we are talking about living creatures. First of all: how exactly can you clone living organisms? There are three main types of cloning. DNA cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. DNA cloning or recombinant DNA technology is to transfer one piece of DNA into something that can duplicate himself. Bacterial plasmid, viruses and also yeast chromosomes are used for this as they are able to duplicate easily. The DNA fragment containing the gene which is needed is isolated using enzymes, and after that it will be transferred to the bacterial plasmid using once again enzymes. After that the bacterial plasmid starts multiplying, and the outcome will be one certain fragment. Reproductive cloning was how Dolly came to earth: the nucleus of a donor adult cell is placed in an egg cell without nucleus. This cell will then need chemicals or an electric current to stimulate cell division. If it has indeed started dividing it will need to be placed in a uterus where it continues till the animal gives birth. Therapeutic cloning, sometimes referred to as embryo cloning, is the production of human stem cells for use in research. This isn’t used at all to create cloned human beings, it’s just for the research because Stem cells are quite important. Stem cells aren’t specified yet so they can chance into any kind of cell depending on what scientists want to research on. Now you may ask what this has to do with the whole â€Å"can we clone humans† and the ethical and moral issues. Can we clone humans using the DNA cloning? No. But we can use it to create new medicines or vaccines as this method can nly be used for certain parts of DNA and not the whole of it. Reproductive Cloning could, theoretically, be used for cloning humans. In real life however this technique wouldn’t be used because it’s expensive and has a really low rate of success. There were hundreds of failed clones, several dead fetuses and horribly deformed animals before the scientists h ad Dolly. Most scientists do not feel that this is good for cloning as it is far to risky and also we do not know a lot about this technique either. Therapeutic cloning can be used for parts of the body containing the same set of cells. You could for instance and theoretically seen once again, clone a kidney. There are however a lot of risks such as the fetal tissue dying, or tissue rejection if you actually create an organ. It’s not possible to clone entire human beings as there is little known about cloning and the human body is just far to complex to be created in a laboratory. So most scientists agree that it is not possible yet to clone entire human beings. Most of these scientists highly doubt that it would be possible in the near future to clone entire human beings, but there are always the â€Å"what if† questions. What if it was possible, what would happen then? The advantage would be that there are no more donors needed and everybody can live longer and happier. But killing a clone for a transplant, wouldn’t that be considered murder? After all you would kill someone who is composed out of the same DNA as you. This raises another question, how would you treat the clones? The same DNA, the same needs. Should the parents of the child or teenager, or adults themselves take care of their own clone or would the clone be raised by some sort of company? These are most what if questions and to be quite honest I believe that we shouldn’t clone human beings. There are always people who would want to abuse this technology. This abusing can take many forms: people who have access to all information could either sell or keep it, to create a position for themselves which may result in a lot of income inequality. But that isn’t the only disadvantages. Imagine that there will be clones, it would surely narrow down the gene diversity which we have created over the years. Excessive cloning could cause a loss of the diversity and therefore we might be less resistant against bacteria, viruses etc. Not only biological but also the ethical questions show that the disadvantages outweigh the benefits. The benefits of cloning (parts of) humans being that we wouldn’t need any more donors, or we could do research on organs without having to use humans themselves. The disadvantages are that we would abuse the power once again. If we could clone entire humans that would be defying the rights to live freely. There would be loss of gene diversity which would be contradictory to all that shaped us. After all living is survival of the fittest. Victoria Smit ( 5vf) Sources: http://www. ornl. gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning. shtml http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cloning http://www. geneticsandsociety. org/article. php? list=typetype=59 http://learn. genetics. utah. edu/content/tech/cloning/whatiscloning/ http://thefarnsworths. com/science/cloning. htm Movie the fifth element ( actually not a source but wort watching! ) repo men ( about the disadvantages of cloning organs. Also not really a source but worth watching! ) How to cite Cloning and Ethical Issues, Essay examples Cloning and Ethical Issues Free Essays Essay on cloning and ethical issues that immediatly Subject : cloning and ethics come up when talking about it. Completed: 8/11/2012 Due:9/11/2012 Numerous articles appeared in the newspapers about one particular sheep, born in 1996. Her name, as you may have figured out, was Dolly. We will write a custom essay sample on Cloning and Ethical Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now She was special as she was the first sheep to be cloned entirely by humans. The cloning of this sheep raised a lot of questions. The most important ones being â€Å"why would we do clone a living animal† and â€Å"can we clone humans too†. Of course these questions do not only require a scientific answer, but also an ethical answer as we are talking about living creatures. First of all: how exactly can you clone living organisms? There are three main types of cloning. DNA cloning, reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. DNA cloning or recombinant DNA technology is to transfer one piece of DNA into something that can duplicate himself. Bacterial plasmid, viruses and also yeast chromosomes are used for this as they are able to duplicate easily. The DNA fragment containing the gene which is needed is isolated using enzymes, and after that it will be transferred to the bacterial plasmid using once again enzymes. After that the bacterial plasmid starts multiplying, and the outcome will be one certain fragment. Reproductive cloning was how Dolly came to earth: the nucleus of a donor adult cell is placed in an egg cell without nucleus. This cell will then need chemicals or an electric current to stimulate cell division. If it has indeed started dividing it will need to be placed in a uterus where it continues till the animal gives birth. Therapeutic cloning, sometimes referred to as embryo cloning, is the production of human stem cells for use in research. This isn’t used at all to create cloned human beings, it’s just for the research because Stem cells are quite important. Stem cells aren’t specified yet so they can chance into any kind of cell depending on what scientists want to research on. Now you may ask what this has to do with the whole â€Å"can we clone humans† and the ethical and moral issues. Can we clone humans using the DNA cloning? No. But we can use it to create new medicines or vaccines as this method can nly be used for certain parts of DNA and not the whole of it. Reproductive Cloning could, theoretically, be used for cloning humans. In real life however this technique wouldn’t be used because it’s expensive and has a really low rate of success. There were hundreds of failed clones, several dead fetuses and horribly deformed animals before the scientists h ad Dolly. Most scientists do not feel that this is good for cloning as it is far to risky and also we do not know a lot about this technique either. Therapeutic cloning can be used for parts of the body containing the same set of cells. You could for instance and theoretically seen once again, clone a kidney. There are however a lot of risks such as the fetal tissue dying, or tissue rejection if you actually create an organ. It’s not possible to clone entire human beings as there is little known about cloning and the human body is just far to complex to be created in a laboratory. So most scientists agree that it is not possible yet to clone entire human beings. Most of these scientists highly doubt that it would be possible in the near future to clone entire human beings, but there are always the â€Å"what if† questions. What if it was possible, what would happen then? The advantage would be that there are no more donors needed and everybody can live longer and happier. But killing a clone for a transplant, wouldn’t that be considered murder? After all you would kill someone who is composed out of the same DNA as you. This raises another question, how would you treat the clones? The same DNA, the same needs. Should the parents of the child or teenager, or adults themselves take care of their own clone or would the clone be raised by some sort of company? These are most what if questions and to be quite honest I believe that we shouldn’t clone human beings. There are always people who would want to abuse this technology. This abusing can take many forms: people who have access to all information could either sell or keep it, to create a position for themselves which may result in a lot of income inequality. But that isn’t the only disadvantages. Imagine that there will be clones, it would surely narrow down the gene diversity which we have created over the years. Excessive cloning could cause a loss of the diversity and therefore we might be less resistant against bacteria, viruses etc. Not only biological but also the ethical questions show that the disadvantages outweigh the benefits. The benefits of cloning (parts of) humans being that we wouldn’t need any more donors, or we could do research on organs without having to use humans themselves. The disadvantages are that we would abuse the power once again. If we could clone entire humans that would be defying the rights to live freely. There would be loss of gene diversity which would be contradictory to all that shaped us. After all living is survival of the fittest. Victoria Smit ( 5vf) Sources: http://www. ornl. gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning. shtml http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cloning http://www. geneticsandsociety. org/article. php? list=typetype=59 http://learn. genetics. utah. edu/content/tech/cloning/whatiscloning/ http://thefarnsworths. com/science/cloning. htm Movie the fifth element ( actually not a source but wort watching! ) repo men ( about the disadvantages of cloning organs. Also not really a source but worth watching! ) How to cite Cloning and Ethical Issues, Papers

Geological History Of Pa Essay Example For Students

Geological History Of Pa Essay The earth is an ever-changing chunk of rock to put it at the lowest level of comprehension available. This rock that we call home is brewing with billions of life forms and is constantly changing every day. This can be attributed to the various cycles that are at work on this planet of our, from the hydrological system to the rock cycle the earth is an ever changing form. Pennsylvania is just a small part of this system we call our home. Formed millions of year ago by tectonic collisions and molten rock Pennsylvania is a part of the earth full of specially minerals and geological features that stand out as being come of the best in the world. What would our state be with out its coalmines and steel mills. Which of course are only possible through the unique geographic features of our state. The Pre-Achaean, Achaean and Proterozoic Eras. Geologists believe that Pennsylvania was formed by parts of the Laurentian continental crust block. This crust block is made up of many micro plates, which were accreted during the period from about 2.5 billion to 1.0 billion years ago. This was previously part of an even larger crustal block called Rodinia. Geologist believes that PA is full of rocks that were once part of this crustal block. These rocks are known as the Greenville rocks. Greenville rocks are metamorphic rocks composed mainly of gneiss. Some of these rocks are visible in Southeastern PA but most are buried deep within the surface of PA. The Cambrian and Ordovician PeriodsThis is really the period that life started to develop in the state of Pennsylvania. Now how did life star in this state you may ask, well here is how. At the start of the Cambrian period water from the Ocean spread inland across North America. Pennsylvania got in the way of this and was covered with a shallow layer of water which created unique environments for both life as well as the opportunity of new deposition of sediment. This water cover also had a big part in eroding away water channels as well as leaving large deposits of sediment. During the late Ordovician era materials from the arc and the floor of the Ocean were thrust onto the North American plate. This phenomena was called Taconic orgogeny, this played an important part in the development of mountains in PA. This Taconic orogeny created the mountains that lay to the northeast of PA. The Taconic orogeny, which deposited many harmful types of sediment, also saw the end to many life for ms due to this heavy disposition of harmful materials. The Silurian PeriodDuring this period the mountains that were formed by the Taconic orogeny were still a good source of sediments. PA was covered with clastic sediment form these mountains for the first half of this 25 million year period. Sand and gravel composed mainly of quartz were deposited by stream to the eastern parts of the state. There was also quartz sand carried further west and deposited on the beaches and shores. Even today some of this sediment can still be found along the linear ridges of the Appalachian Mountain section of the Ridge and Valley province. In the western part of the state more mud was deposited then anything and even further west was the disposition of carbonate. This was also the time when many rocks were being chemical weathered and creating large amounts of iron, which were later, mined throughout most of the 1800s. The mountains that were created by the Taconic Orogreny were eroded during this time and stopped becoming a source of clastic sediment. In the northwestern part of PA during this time a supersaturated basin had formed with limited circulation. Once this basin evaporated the area was left full of gypsum and halite. This was also a crucial period for life. It saw the first fish appear on the earth. .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .postImageUrl , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:hover , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:visited , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:active { border:0!important; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:active , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How The Simpsons Affects Kids EssayThe Devonian PeriodThis period was a relatively slow time for PA until the end of it. This period saw more deposition of carbonate for a few million more years. It also saw the formation of the Acadian Mountains. These were formed just east of PA when there was a collision between a landmass called Avalonia and Europe. This collision was called the Acadian orogeny. Once these mountains were formed they became a chief source of sediments, which were deposited in the Appalachian basin. The first of these sediments that was deposited became the black and gray shale that extends all the way from eastern PA to western Ohio. Ultimately the Acad ian mountains were completely eroded and the sediment that came from them pushed forward the Appalachian basin to the Ohio border. Much of this sediment can be seen today as red clastic rock. The Mississippi and Pennsylvania Periods: Carboniferous TimeDuring this time period there were really two big events that shaped PA. The first big event during this time period was the large amounts of coal found in PA were created. This coal was created when the sediment supply decreased to the swamps that had formed; the swamps slowly disappeared leaving behind a whole lot of peat. This cycle of peat formation was what is responsible for all of the coal. The second big event in this time period was that it was the last time that marine waters of the Appalachian basin covered any part of Pennsylvania. Instead swamps with huge amounts of vegetation replaced the waters. This vegetation was possible because PA was so close to the equator at this time. This was also the time period when many anima ls started showing up including, amphibians, reptiles and air breathing mollusks. The Permian PeriodThis was a very important time period for PA. The Permian period saw a dramatic change caused by the collision of North America with Africa. This collision is known as the Aleghanian origeny. This collision created the Alleghanina Mountains, which are located on the eastern part of the state. These mountains were eroded and the sediment today can be found in the Piedmont province. By the end of this period most of the mountains were eroded away leaving PA a westward sloping alluvial plain with streams flowing across it. This period also saw a water shortage in PA being that it was in the middle of Pangea. This water shortage resulted in the drying up of the swamps and the death of much vegetation. The Alleghanina orogeny changed PA from a depositional basin to an area above the sea level that was continuously eroded placing sediment outside of the state. The Mesozoic EraThere are three periods to the Mesozoic era, Triassic, Jurassic and the Cretaceous periods. During the Triassic period Pennsylvania was carried across the equator into the Northern Hemisphere. The climate became subtropical to tropical and the rainfall became seasonal. There were also long term wet and dry cycles during the Triassic period, which led to a large amount of erosion during this period. During the Jurassic era magma approached the surface and cooled as dark hard igneous rock. In PA the Mesozoic sediments and diabase are preserved in areas called the Gettysburg and Newark basins. Very little is know about the Jurassic and Cretaceous period in PA but what is know is that a lot of erosion occurred. This was also the period when early drainage systems were established as river flows toward the newly formed Atlantic Ocean. More peat was deposited and the dinosaurs ruled the land. The Cenozoic EraThis was a time period of much erosion of PA. During this time probably all of PA was lowered hundreds of feet. This also meant that the differences between the highest point and the lowest point was increased dramatically. This period also saw the creation of large amounts of ice that slowly made their way into PA covering only a small part of the northern part. This ice movement allowed for significant erosion and deepening of valleys along the ice edge. The ice also scraped and lowered hills. Once the ice started to melt much sediment was left behind and can be seen today along the Appalachian Mountains. This period also saw the first sings of grasses, which allowed for the mammals to take over. .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .postImageUrl , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:hover , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:visited , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:active { border:0!important; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:active , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: None Provided Essay PaperLike I had said at the beginning Pennsylvania is an ever-growing system that will probably look completely different 50 million years from now. As the plates continue to move and the continents continue to move with hem one can only guess what is in store next for our state. Hopefully with this you gain a better of idea of what was involved with the creation of PA.