Lab report on enzyme activity. Essay Example

Lab report on enzyme activity. Paper The reactant an enzyme acts on is referred to the enzymes substrate. The enzyme will combine with or to its substrate. While the two are joined, the substrate is converted to its product by catalytic action of the enzyme. There is an active site of the enzyme molecule which is a restricted region that actually attaches to the substrate. Usually the active site is formed by only a few of the enzymes amino acids, the rest is just the framework that reinforces the active site. In an enzymatic reaction, the substrate enters the active site then is held in place by weak bonds. Now the enzyme does its work and first changes shape so it can hold onto the substrate. Next the substrate is changed to its product, the product is released and the enzymes active site is ready and waiting for another molecule of substrate. Amylase is an enzyme in human saliva and in other organisms and its substrate is starch. When the active site of amylase binds with the starch, hydrolysis takes place. When the hydrolysis (the breaking of a chemical bond with the insertion of the ions of a water molecule) of starch is complete you are left with a saccharine called maltose. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab report on enzyme activity. specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lab report on enzyme activity. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lab report on enzyme activity. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Enzymes are necessary for metabolic reactions, the question pose is thisdo variances of temperature, pH, substrate and enzyme concentration affect the rate of reaction? METHOD To prepare for the experiment the following equipment was assembled: a spot plate, a test tube with amylase and starch in it, a Pasteur pipette, and iodine. The spot plate was labeled in time intervals each two minutes apart. A drop of iodine was placed in each area of the spot plate. This will demonstrate how long it takes the amylase to hydrology the starch. Using the pipette, a drop or two of the amylase/starch mixture was placed in one circle containing iodine on the spot plate. If the iodine turned blue, the hydrolysis is incomplete and the test was repeated at two minute intervals. If it remains the color of iodine the reaction is complete. The time that elapsed from the beginning of the the reaction is noted. To test the affect of temperature differences on the reaction 4 test tubes with a starch/amylase mixture were labeled at different degrees C. C, ICC, ICC, ICC. The test tubes were immersed in 4 water baths that were at the temperature babbled on the test tubes. The test tubes were left immersed for 10 minutes. The procedure noted above with iodine was followed for each test tube and the results documented. To test the effect of pH on the rate of hydrolysis 4 buffered solutions of pH 1. 0, 3. 0,7. 0 and 10. 0 were prepared . 4 test tubes were labeled with the different pH levels. The appropriate buffer solution was added to each test tube. Next . 5 ml of amylase was added to each test tube. The test tubes were plugged and inverted to mix the contents. Beginning with the test tube with lowest pH, 10 ml of starch as added to each tube. The tubes were again plugged and inverted to mix the contents. Again the procedure with the iodine was followed and the results documented. To test the effect substrate has on the rate of hydrolysis 4 test tubes were labeled with the following substrate dilutions: 50%, 25%, 10% and 5%. In the 4 test tubes, the following starch solutions were prepared: Dilution Starch Water Ion-II Ion-II ml ml ml ml 5% Mil ml . 1 ml of amylase was added to each test tube and the procedure with the iodine was followed and the results documented. To test the effect of enzyme concentration on hydrolysis, 4 test tubes were labeled with the following enzyme dilutions: 5%, 2. 5%, 1%, . 5%. In the 4 test tubes, the following enzyme solutions were prepared: Dilution Amylase Water 5% 2. Mm 0. Ml 2. 5% I. Mol I. Mol 1% . Ml 1. Ml . Mi 1. Ml Then ml of starch to each tube, the procedure with the iodine was followed and the results documented. RESULTS Upon the conclusion of the test, it was determined that variances of temperature, pH, substrate and enzyme concentration did affect the rate of he reaction. Different than what a person may think, the rate of reaction was longer with the colder temperature and the highest temperature. The rate if reaction shortened with the middle temperatures of 24 and 40 degrees C. In the test of the pH variances, again the results showed the longest rate of reaction in the highest and lowest pH levels. The rate of reaction decreased when the pH level changed from 3. 0 to 7. 0. The substrate concentration variances showed a steady increase in the rate of reaction in relation to increase of concentration. The enzyme concentration showed a steady decrease in the rate of reaction in relation to increased concentration. All raw data is stated in graphs at the end of this report. CONCLUSION It was confirmed in this experiment that changes in the environment like temperature, pH levels, substrate and enzyme concentrations did effect the rate of reaction. It really should be evident that the substrate and enzyme concentration levels would effect the rate of reaction the was they did as it was noted in the intro of the paper the role each one of these plays in the reaction process.

9 Myths That Can Sabotage Your Career in Your 20s -TheJobNetwork

9 Myths That Can Sabotage Your Career in Your 20s -TheJobNetwork You’re in your 20s and hoping to set yourself up for a lifetime of success. Trouble is, the media portrays you as a useless wanderer, unable to move past adolescence, and not able to get it done as older generations have. But none of this is true. Here are 9 of the most common myths you hear about changing careers in your 20s, and how you can start working against them to get yourself on track. 1. Your twenties don’t matterStop thinking of your twenties as a practice ground for your real work life, which will begin at 30. The choices you make now can have an impact, positive and negative, on your professional future. Don’t delay starting your life and career by someone else’s arbitrary calendar of when you can and cannot be serious about things. Start being the person you want to be when you grow up now and get a head start.2. You need to find your perfect career firstYou don’t actually have to hold out for your absolute dream job. It’s okay- crucial even- to take jobs that are less than ideal but which have the benefit of being a good stepping stone for you. Can a job lead to a better opportunity down the road? Can it build a valuable skill relevant to your dream career? Can it give you necessary, if unorthodox, experience that will help you in your path? Consider taking some of these, rather than waiting indefinitely for the golden ring.3. You can do anything you want to doNope, not if you don’t have the right skills or experience. Make sure to be honest with yourself about your particular strengths and weaknesses before setting your goals. That way you won’t spend the next few years of your life laboring over the impossible. You can do anything you want, provided it’s also something you are capable of doing.4. Work isn’t supposed to feel like workYeah, yeah, you’re supposed to do what you love and love what you do. But the fact remains that even one’s dream job is still, at t he end of the day, a job. If you follow your passion and find work that is really meaningful to you, that’s fantastic. Most people don’t get that in a lifetime. But that doesn’t mean it won’t sometimes feel like work, because it is. The sooner you prepare yourself for this, the better off you’ll be.5. You can pursue your dream job laterWhile this is true, and going after what you really want is always an option, it never hurts to start making the moves and taking the risks now, when you don’t have mortgages or family to hinder you.6. If you don’t like your job, you should quitContrary to popular opinion, it is time to start being responsible with your decisions. Before you make any rash decisions because you just don’t like something, think first about whether you can financially handle such a leap. And second, examine why you don’t like your job. Figure out why you wanted that job originally, what you do like about it, what could change to make it better for you, and only after answering those questions should you think about where else you should look.7. Run from all bad bossesBad bosses can be toxic and make your work life unbearable. But they can also be an extremely valuable learning experience. If this is a really good position for you, consider sticking it out. Get what you can from your current job, and mine it for everything you can to use in your next job, with your next employer.8. Job hopping is badMore and more, the stigma around job hopping has disappeared. This is the time in your life when it is okay to try new things and new positions and new fields. Just remember to try to keep some coherent factors similar across the different jobs you take. And always keep in mind how you will answer the question, â€Å"How have you spent the last five years?† Keep a close hold on your narrative arc, and you’ll be fine.9. Twentysomethings are entitledYou’re not necessarily n arcissistic or entitled, you’re just inexperienced. As long as you keep moving forward, trying to develop yourself and your career, you can just ignore these voices- in your head or in the media- and go after the life and work you want.

Career Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Career Management - Essay Example The present scenario has been defined as a â€Å"do-it-yourself career management† (Patton & McMahon, p.26) where the individuals are faced with the challenge of constructing their career in the changing environment. It is seen that the choice of occupation is not a onetime decision. Rather it can be considered to a process of development which occurs through a number of stages and sub stages. Young children start believing that they can do almost everything. While the adults’ decision or the career choice is based on factors like skill sets, economic factors or their education and training requirements. John Holland (1960) was one of the major contributors in the field of career development. His contribution to the field was the creation of a hexagonal model that is based on the perspectives put forward by Parsons. According to Holland, the workplace was divided into six work environments and the populace was comprised of six types of personalities, namely â€Å"reali stic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising and conventional† (Virtual Habitats, p.1). The hexagon has been presented in the figure below. Figure 1: Holland's six environment/personalities (Source: Virtual Habitats, p.2) The ideas which are included in the theory are as follow: Most of the people can be assigned one of the categories of the six types of personalities. The work environments are also of six types, namely â€Å"realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising and conventional† (Virtual Habitats, p.2). The work environments that people search for depends on their skills and abilities, expression of values and attitudes, and their views on different roles and problems. The behaviour of an individual is an outcome of the interaction of his personality with the environmental characteristics (Virtual Habitats, p.2). The more close a person comes towards a work environment that he finds compatible to his abilities, the greater will be his satisfa ction. The recent scholars have been increasingly focusing on the process of decision making and its relationship with career development. The cognitive information process (CIP) as put forward by â€Å"Peterson, Sampson, Reardon and Lenz† (Virtual Habitats, p.4) are the three domains based on which the choice of career is made. The decision making skills domain comprises of the five information processing skills which are communication, analysis, synthesis, valuing and executing (Virtual Habitats, p.4). The CIP model is illustrated the figure below. Figure 2: The CIP model (Source: Virtual Habitats, p.2) The base comprises of self knowledge and knowledge of the occupations. The nature of information with people regarding themselves and the work usually differs from one another. Scholars claim that this self knowledge is more based on the perceptions than in facts. It involves analyzing ones interests, abilities and skills. The individuals’ needs require thorough analy sis though the decision making phase which should be suited for his unique personality (Wasylow, Mellott & Martin, p.1). It also involves analysis of the occupation itself like places where the occupation exist, the payments they make or their outlook. It requires thorough analysis of the labour market. Answer to Question No: 2 Primary Research The primary research was conducted on three

Tchaikovsky and Women in Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Tchaikovsky and Women in Art - Essay Example This ballet is a fairy tale story. The music accompanied within this ballet is believed to be one of Tchaikovsky’s best creations as it is a combination of Russian and western music influences, while the subject matter is that of poetry in motion (Kisselgoff 1). Enthusiasm and warmth were the motivations behind writing the piece. In addition, sleeping beauty has been the second most popular ballet of the imperial production and has been performed 200 times in 10 years. Art during the 18th and 19th century had no room for female painter. During that period, professional recognition and art education remained unequal and separate to that of their male counterparts. It was not until the subsequent half of the 19th century that women artists made significant progress, especially in France and in turn, art schools opened up their doors to women. While in the United States women, artists gradually became noticeable by way of winning awards (nmwa 1). They began to take part in exhibitions, and started teaching. In addition, they also began to travel overseas while their works acted as conduits for printmaking, new styles of painting and photography. Tchaikovsky is one of the most treasured composers in history. A master artisan of orchestration and melody, his composition was astonishing and his musical styles ranged from concertos to ballet scores and symphonies, and he was able to write and portray detailed moods and feelings. His works were legendary. He surely was the greatest master of classical ballet. Tchaikovsky achieved huge popularity with a broad audience, mainly through his emotional

Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been - Essay Example The story describes Connie as a young and beautiful girl who grows up in the Suburbia in the years between 1960. During this period, the author describes there were few beautiful girls who would be determined to expose their beauty to the entire society. Although the young girls were beautiful, most of the parents opted for their daughter to remain indoors. Joyce Carol Oates the author of the story, â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been† illustrates that since Connie was young, she spend most of her time in front of a mirror confirming her beauty. This made Connie’s mother irritates and pissed off since her daughter was wasting time in confirming her beauty instead of concentrating on other life aspects (Oates 1). At some point, the author, Joyce quotes in the story â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been† that, â€Å"stop wasting time and gawking at yourself, who do you think you are, you think your pretty†. Joyce identifies that the mother was provoked with the number of times her daughter wasted time in confirming and bragging her beauty. Connie also had an elder sister, June but she was not as beautiful as the young and attractive Connie appeared. Although June was the eldest of the two, one would mistake Connie to be the first-born. June was older at the age of twenty-four and still lived with the parents. She worked in a high school as the secretary and saved the maximum money she could to rescue the family (Oates 4). June was innocent and never made any trouble to the family as Connie did to the rest of the family. June always listen to her mother’s words and followed every instruction given. This was totally contrary to the sister, Connie, who decides to listen to the friends. In the story, â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been†, the author, Joyce identifies that Connie continued with her trends and even started going out with friends. This made the situation even worse after she was introduced to

Personal Development Plan And Evaluation Of Skills

Personal Development Plan And Evaluation Of Skills In this assignment Im going to discuss my personal development plan n how I will develop my personal skills which will help me in my current situation and also for my feature roles and my responsibilities and I am also going to check what will I be the needs to develop my self and how will I learn to improve my self and I am also going to identify my target dates for review and I will explain how these needs will be met. Lets have a brief introduction about personal development plan and also its importance. DEFINATION OF (PDP) Personal development planning is a structure which is made by an individual to improve his learning style and performance and made a planning how to develop there educational and personal carrier and how to achieve n the goals and objective in feature. IMPORTANCE OF (PDP) It helps to increase the ability of person to understand and learn and to set there goals and objectives and gives the proper way to make a progress by leaps and bounds. We discuss the importance of personal development planning. Now I am going to extend my personal development plan. Here I gave some introduction and important of personal development plan now I m going to extend my personal development plan and I also review my self which skills I have required in my current and feature roles and responsibilities. CURRENT SKILLS Fallowing are some of my current personal and professional skills. Time management Time management is very important skill for any human being who wants to be a successful in his life and want to get something in feature because now a days we are living in globalized world so you have to be able to manage your time in any circumstances to meet with the demands of this modern world so this is one of my very important skill and Im very sufficient to manage my time but I still think that I have to learn more to improve my time management skill. LEADERSHIP SKILL Leadership skill is ability to motivate and inspire the group of people or a member of your organization towards the goals and objectives which you are looking to achieve. This skill helps the leader to give inspiration to his followers and get a more results to achieve the aims and objectives of an organization. Leaders can see the problems in any organization which needs to be fixed and he can set the goals that needs to be achieved it may be something that no any other person can see or on the other hand no else want to tackle whatever it is, it is the focus of leader attention and they come up with is single minded determination so this is the most important thing in leadership skill. This is one of the very important skill which I have and play a vital role in my life to make progress by leaps and bounds but whatever skill I have but as a human being I always try to learn and improve my personal development. COMMUNICATION SKILL Communication means to communicate with other people and that is a very important thing for any person who wants to be a successful because now a days we all are living in globalized world and we have to meet with the people from different part of world with a different languages so in this case you have to be able to communicate with others this is also one of my very important skill which helps me to make progress but I still want to improve my this skill for my current and as well as my feature roles and responsibilities.so because of its importance I want to improve myself in this skill to achieve my aim and objectives of life. DECISION MAKING SKILL Decision making skill is a vital skill for any human being. A person who is able to make a quick decision in any type of situation will get success. Decision making skill is very important in your professional life as compare to personal life because in professional life some time you have to make very hard decision for the betterment of your organization and only this skill will helps you to make a decision. This skill helps me allot in my professional and personal life and I always try to improve my decision making power. SELF MANAGEMENT SKILL Self-management means to manage our self-reactions and emotions against the challenges in any circumstances and also understand the challenges and responsibilities in personal and also in professional life .self-management play an important role to be successful in any field of life and provide you a sufficient chance to get full control on your emotions. This is also an important skill of my life and I really want to improve my skill because I need this skill for my feature roles and responsibilities. SKILLS REQUIRED FOR FUTURE Following are some skills which I need in my future roles and responsibilities. LEADING AND CHEARING MEATINGS Leading and cheering meetings is also an important skill for any leader or any person who is leading any organization or a group of certain People. Leading and cheering meeting means to lead and arrange meetings after certain time to check how the organization is working and where the organization is week and where organization needs any kind of improvement in simple words to make check and balance of organization this is a very important skill but I fell myself that I do not have this skill In my professional life so I need to learn this skill for my personal development. DELIVERING EFFECTIVE PRESENTATIONS As we all knows that it is very important to deliver effective presentation it means the way you convey your message to your followers or your subordinates in a proper way which will be easily understandable for them and this thing give a boost for the development of any organization this skill also help you in your personal life so I fell myself that I am not good in delivering effective presentation so I really have to learn this skill for my future roles and responsibilities. PLANNING Planning means to make a proper way towards your goals and objectives.it also means to plan that when , where and how you are going to achieve your goals and objectives. Planning is not only the skill which only helps you in your professional life it is also a skill which helps you even more in your personal life. By making a proper planinig in your life you will always be successful in your personal and professional life. This is also an important skill which I need in my future roles and responsibilities. SELF MANAGEMENT A person who is able to manage a personal reaction to challenges and also the responsibilities in personal and professional life is called self-management. In self-management you should be able manage a time and also change your self-according to the current situation and circumstances. Following are some factors of self-management. PLANNING You should make a feature planning towards your goals and objective and how you will achieve. SELF AWARENESS You must have exact awareness about your current situation and circumstances TIME MANAGEMENT You should be able to complete your work with in the time that is very important in self-management. MONITORING You must have ability to monitor all the things which are happening around you wither it is your personal life are professional. These are some of the skills which I need in my future roles and responsibilities and while discussing my current skills and skills which I need in my future roles and responsibilities and know I am going discuss my learning and development needs. IDENTIFYING LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS Know I am going to discuss my learning and development needs. LEARNING Learning is a very important process for achieving the business aims and objectives and it also play a vital role in personal development and it is also very essential to improving the organizational performance. LEARNING NEEDS FROM MY POINT OF VIEW From my point of view learning needs is to make people able to add the stock of personal competences and also gave them a boost to develop their potential. Learning needs means a gape in between the current and required performance of the person. Learning is also very important from business point of view because in business you always have to learn a lot of things so it is also very essential in business to learn. Learning is important more than the training because in training you just train yourself for a appropriate work but when you start learn something you learn a lot of things around yourself and it helps you to improve your personal development and you will make success day by day Learning is what happens after the person received the training and is much more self-directed Learning cans only effects when the person has ability to apply the knowledge and skill on his work place which he learns. Here I discuss what is learning and I also identify what is learning needs and what its importance now I am going to discuss my learning and development needs for my personal development plan MY LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS As I gave you introduction about learning and I also tell you the importance of this and know I am going to reflect my personal and professional learning and development needs which will helps me to extend my personal development plan. By doing this I will make progress in my personal and professional life by leaps and bounds. As I discuss all my current skills and also I discuss all those skills which I need in my feature so to meet these skills I need to learn a lot because I am not too much strong in my these skills so I need to improve myself so I can improve my learning by using my preferred learning style. My preferred learning style is reflectors because: Reflectors can learn best when they have time to think about these activities and also have time to think before doing anything. They take some time to check and revive what they have to learn. Learn least from being forced to give instant reactions without planning time or are force into the limelight. Now I am going to discuss how I increase my current skills and those skills which are required in my future roles and responsibilities and I am also going to identify the target dates for review by using my preferred learning style I will explain this by showing you the tables. TARGET DATES FOR PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN TIME MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES SUCCESS CRITERIA ACTION TIME DURATION I want to be a better in management. To manage my time in any situation I will study books management related I will complete it buy doing 6 moths study In time management my objectives are to be able to manage my time and I will fell myself successful when I manage my time in any situation and any circumstances to achieve this I will study books because thats the best way I think to improve my time management skill and it will take about six months to achieve my this aim. COMMUNICATION SKILLS OBJECTIVES SUCCESS CRITERIA ACTION TIME DURATION To communicate with any level of people with confident When people start well understanding when I communicate with them Try to communicate with the people of my upper level and also increasing the communication There is no time duration in this skill improvement because I will learn more as much I communicate with people In order to improve this skill my objective is to easily and confidently communicate with any level of people and my success criteria will be when I built up my confidence and people start understanding me easily to achieve this objective I will try to increase the communication and also I will try to communicate with the people of my upper level there is no time duration in this skill because it depends the way I learn. SELF MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES SUCCESS CRITERIA ACTION TIME DURATION To manage personal reaction in any circumstances When fell myself relax in any type of situation Try to involving myself in different and difficult situations and by working with my seniors If I keep working it will take 1 year to improve my skill. In this skill my objective is to manage my personal reaction in any circumstances my success criteria will be the situation when I fell myself relax and I can handle any type of situation without any problem I will improve it by involving myself in different type of difficult situations and also try to work with my seniors according to my observation it will take 1 year time to improve my this skill. PLANNING OBJECTIVES To make proper planning towards my goals and objectives SUCCESS CRITERIA When I get success by my planning ACTION By getting a knowledge how to do proper planning TIME DURATION It can be done within 3 months My objective is to increase this skill to make a proper planning towards the goals and objectives my success criteria will when I get success by my planning I will improve this skill by getting knowledge to that how I will do proper planning and it will take three months to improve my self iin this skill DECISION MAKING SKILL OBJECTIVES SUCCESS CRITERIA ACTION TIME DURATION LEADING AND CHEARING MEATINGS OBJECTIVES SUCCESS CRITERIA ACTION TIME DURATION DELIVERING EFFECTIVE PRESENTATIONS OBJECTIVES SUCCESS CRITERIA ACTION TIME DURATION

Free College Admissions Essays: Im Ready to Take English to the Next L

I'm Ready to Take English to the Next Level    It is with great excitement that I submit my application to your university's English department for the Bachelor's degree program. Following is a brief autobiography, submitted in fulfillment of part of the university's application requirements.    I began to study English over ten years ago, and rapidly developed a strong interest towards the language. Soon after, I was introduced to an American-based company, the Light House Bookstore, which provides our community with both English instructional books, and language lessons. During one of my frequent visits to this bookstore, I discovered that a small church occupied the second floor of the building, the Lotung Church of Christ. After many visits, and my eventual conversion to the Christian faith, I took every opportunity to attend church events and gatherings to speak with other American members, and quickly became good friends with many of them.    I never lost my interest in the Light House Bookstore however. After many mo...